Mussolini and the Rise of Facism
The founder of Fascism
Used blackshirts (armed squads) as a paramilitary force
Mussolini comes to power in 1923 after the March on Rome
King Emmanuel III refused to sign an emergency legislation to prevent it - he refused allowing Mussolini to come to power
Acerbo Law - forced through parliament guaranteed that the party with the most votes would
get 2/3 of the seats in the Chamber of Deputies
Socialist leader, Giacomo Matteotti murdered for speaking out against the Fascists
By 1926 all anti-fascist parties had been eliminated
Freedom of press, assembly and speech were eliminated
Formed the first Fascist government in Italy in 1923
Supports Hitler throughout the 1930s
Supports the Fascist government in Spain during the Spanish Civil War
Joins in alliance with Hitler in 1939
Facism
Fascist traits:
•Private ownership encouraged and aided by the government
•Censorship of the media
•Imperialistic
•Nationalistic
•Militaristic
•Non-democratic
•Often totalitarian dictatorship
•“Anti-liberal, anti-mass democracy, anti-socialist”
The Lateran Accords, 1929
The Catholic Church was the most powerful remaining body in Italy
Fearing Mussolini’s wrath Pope Pius XI signed a deal
Gave the Church:
•Control over religious education in schools
•Recognition as the state religion
•The right for the Pope to rule his own state known as the Vatican
•Mussolini got recognition by the Church as the legitimate leader
Used blackshirts (armed squads) as a paramilitary force
Mussolini comes to power in 1923 after the March on Rome
King Emmanuel III refused to sign an emergency legislation to prevent it - he refused allowing Mussolini to come to power
Acerbo Law - forced through parliament guaranteed that the party with the most votes would
get 2/3 of the seats in the Chamber of Deputies
Socialist leader, Giacomo Matteotti murdered for speaking out against the Fascists
By 1926 all anti-fascist parties had been eliminated
Freedom of press, assembly and speech were eliminated
Formed the first Fascist government in Italy in 1923
Supports Hitler throughout the 1930s
Supports the Fascist government in Spain during the Spanish Civil War
Joins in alliance with Hitler in 1939
Facism
Fascist traits:
•Private ownership encouraged and aided by the government
•Censorship of the media
•Imperialistic
•Nationalistic
•Militaristic
•Non-democratic
•Often totalitarian dictatorship
•“Anti-liberal, anti-mass democracy, anti-socialist”
The Lateran Accords, 1929
The Catholic Church was the most powerful remaining body in Italy
Fearing Mussolini’s wrath Pope Pius XI signed a deal
Gave the Church:
•Control over religious education in schools
•Recognition as the state religion
•The right for the Pope to rule his own state known as the Vatican
•Mussolini got recognition by the Church as the legitimate leader